Washington State · King County

King County Septic Guide: Permits, Inspections & Rules

King County runs roughly 85,000 on-site septic systems, nearly 40,000 of them inside urban areas, under one of the strictest local septic codes in the state. Public Health – Seattle & King County issues the permits. The county's own Board of Health Code goes further than the state rule in several places, including its own point-of-sale inspection requirement. Here's how the permitting, the fees, and the ongoing inspection duties actually work.

This page is general information about King County's septic rules. It's not legal advice. Confirm current requirements for your specific property with Public Health – Seattle & King County or a licensed professional before you rely on anything here.

Who Permits Septic Systems in King County

The public-facing agency is Public Health – Seattle & King County. The legal text behind it uses older language.

King County's Board of Health Code, Title 13, "On-Site Sewage," defines the administering body as the "Seattle-King County department of public health" and hands day-to-day authority to the "health officer," meaning the department director or an authorized representative. The program's public page is where most homeowners should start. (kingcounty.gov — On-site sewage systems program, accessed July 22, 2026)

The governing document is Title 13 itself. It adopts the state's on-site sewage rule, WAC 246-272A, as its floor, and supersedes it anywhere King County's own code is more stringent (BOH 13.04.045). The full code runs as a single PDF. (kingcounty.gov — Board of Health Code, Title 13 (PDF), accessed July 22, 2026)

King County publishes two different dates for this document. The Title 13 PDF's title page reads "Updated: June 11, 2025." The county's separate code-revision webpage describes the same document as "updated April 1, 2025." Both dates are on kingcounty.gov, and neither page explains the gap. Either way, treat the PDF above as the current code and confirm anything time-sensitive directly with the department.

For how this local code fits inside the statewide framework, see our Washington Septic Regulations guide. King County is one of twelve Puget Sound counties required to maintain its own local on-site sewage management plan on top of the state rule, and its point-of-sale rule, covered further down this page, is a direct example of that local layer going further than the state floor.

What Permits Cost in King County (Effective January 1, 2026)

King County publishes a single combined fee schedule covering OSS permitting, certifications, and drinking water. The current version took effect January 1, 2026, and runs about 40 line items; the figures below are the ones most homeowners actually hit. (kingcounty.gov — OSS Permitting, Certifications, and Drinking Water Fees (PDF), accessed July 22, 2026)

Design, installation, and repair permits, 2026
Permit typeFee
Design application review – Gravity/Holding Tank$731
Design application review – Pressurized$1,181
Replacement design, failing OSS (owner-occupied only)$450
Installation permit – Gravity$1,069
Installation permit – Pressurized$1,181
Repair permit, single-family$225 application + $619 permit = $844
Limited repair permit$281
Non-single-family installation permit$1,575
Delinquent as-built submittal$225/hour
Building remodel (varies by scope)$338 – $788
Certification, inspection, and transfer fees, 2026
ItemFee
Routine O&M inspection report (OnlineRME)$34
Property transfer inspection report (OnlineRME)$225
OSS O&M program fee, due from buyer at sale$40
OSM (maintainer) certificate exam$394
OSM certificate, issued before July 1$394
OSM certificate, issued after July 1$197
Master Installer exam/certificate, before/after July 1$394 / $197
Pumper Certificate, business owner$338
Sewage Review Committee appeal$1,800

These are the line items homeowners hit most often, not the full schedule. For statewide budgeting ranges on the installed cost of the system itself, before county fees, see our Septic Installation Cost in Washington guide.

Operation & Maintenance: How Often King County Requires Inspection

King County's inspection rule is more detailed than the state floor. It splits requirements by two separate things: how often you check the tank yourself, and how often a professional has to inspect the whole system.

Under BOH 13.60.005.A.1, an owner has to check the septic tank's solids and scum level at least every 3 years if there's no garbage grinder installed. With a garbage grinder, that check has to happen every year. Commercial systems get checked every year too, unless the health officer sets a different schedule.

Performance/preventive maintenance inspection frequency, BOH Table 13.60-1
System typeFirst inspectionRegular frequencyWho may inspect
Gravity system, no pump6 months after occupancyEvery 3 yearsOwner, licensed maintainer, or licensed OSS pumper
Public domain technology (mounds, intermittent sand filters, pressure distribution)6 monthsAnnuallyLicensed maintainer only
Proprietary technology (ATUs, packed-bed filters, subsurface drip, etc.)45 daysAnnuallyLicensed maintainer only
Commercial / food establishments45 daysAnnually (minimum)Licensed maintainer only
Non-discharging (composting) toiletsN/AAnnuallyOwner

(kingcounty.gov — Board of Health Code, Title 13 (PDF), §13.60.005, §13.60.010, Table 13.60-1, accessed July 22, 2026)

A gravity system on a standard residential lot is the cheapest to maintain on this table: an owner can do the every-3-year inspection personally. Anything using engineered treatment, a mound, a sand filter, pressure distribution, or an ATU, needs a licensed maintainer every year, with no owner-self-inspect option. That's on top of what the system already costs to install; see our Septic Pumping Cost in Washington guide for what a routine pump-out and inspection visit typically runs.

Marine Recovery Area systems run on their own clock. If your property sits in King County's Marine Recovery Area, the every-3-year gravity option above doesn't apply to you. BOH 13.60.010.F requires a licensed OSS maintainer to inspect at a frequency the health officer sets by system type, size, age, condition, and location, but never less than once a year, no matter what the general table says. See the quirks section below for where the Marine Recovery Area currently sits.

Whatever tier applies, the inspection report has to be filed with the county within 30 days, using the fees in the table above. If a required inspection runs 30 or more days overdue, the county can record a notice of noncompliance against the property (BOH 13.60.010.K) — the kind of record a title search or future buyer will see.

Selling or Buying? King County Already Has Its Own Point-of-Sale Rule

Washington is rolling out a statewide septic inspection requirement at property transfer, but it isn't active yet. King County didn't wait. BOH 13.60.030 and 13.56.054 already require an inspection at sale today, ahead of the statewide rule.

Seller's obligation: before transferring title, the seller has to have a licensed OSM (on-site system maintainer) perform a property-transfer monitoring and performance inspection, then file that report with the department for the $225 fee listed above. That step can be skipped only if an inspection was already done within the prior 12 months and the property hasn't changed hands since. If the county has no accurate as-built record drawing on file, the OSM also has to prepare and submit a site sketch along with the report.

Notice on Title: a notice has to be recorded with the King County Recorder's Office. For an existing system where no notice has been recorded yet, the seller records one before or at sale, and the buyer signs acknowledging receipt (BOH 13.56.054.B).

Buyer's obligation: at transfer, the buyer forwards the $40 OSS O&M program fee and a signed copy of the notice on title to the health officer.

The seller also has to hand over any maintenance records on hand, plus the standard RCW 64.06 seller disclosure statement that applies to any Washington home sale.

One detail the code text doesn't confirm. The county's plain-language sales-and-transfers webpage separately describes inspection waivers for recently permitted systems, 45 days for proprietary technology and 6 months for gravity or public domain systems, and references NWMLS form #22U as the recorded notice form. The waiver logic matches the inspection-tier table above. The Board of Health Code text doesn't restate that form number, so it's confirmed only by the county's webpage. Confirm the current form with the department or your closing agent before you rely on it. (kingcounty.gov — Sales and transfers, accessed July 22, 2026)

This local rule is separate from, and stricter than, the statewide inspection-at-sale requirement that starts February 1, 2027. That statewide rule will apply everywhere in Washington, including counties with no local point-of-sale rule of their own today. King County residents are effectively already living under a version of it. For how the statewide rule works and what it will require once it's active, see our Selling a House With a Septic System in Washington guide.

Finding Your Septic Records

Before you budget a repair, schedule an inspection, or list a house, it helps to know what the county already has on file for your system.

The primary tool is kingcounty.gov/SepticRecords, also reachable at the shorter alias kingcounty.gov/asbuilt. It surfaces site designs, historic inspection reports, and as-built record drawings, but only for records tied to an approved online application submitted since May 2019. Older systems, or ones the online tool doesn't turn up, need a manual records request: email [email protected] with the parcel number and street address, and the county states a response within 5 business days.

For O&M and inspection history specifically, the county uses a separate database, OnlineRME, where you select "King County" to pull a property's inspection filings. Two supplementary tools round out a records search: the King County Parcel Viewer, searchable by address or parcel number, and the King County Recorded Records Search, useful for pulling a recorded Notice on Title. (kingcounty.gov — On-site sewage systems program, accessed July 22, 2026)

Buying a home with a septic system anywhere in Washington involves more than pulling the county's file. See our Buying a Home With a Septic System in Washington guide for the full records and disclosure checklist.

King County Quirks Worth Knowing

Marine Recovery Area: annual inspections, and a possible expansion

King County's Marine Recovery Area currently covers parts of Vashon-Maury Island: the Quartermaster Harbor shoreline (Governor's Lane, Shawnee-Magnolia Beach, Harbor Heights, and Tahlequah) and the East Passage shoreline (Dolphin Point, Glen Acres, Hawthorne, Klahanie, and Summerhurst). Systems inside it need a mandatory annual inspection by a licensed maintainer under BOH 13.60.010.F, regardless of system type.

A possible county-wide expansion is pending, unconfirmed. A proposal under review would expand the Marine Recovery Area to all King County shoreline properties, with either continued annual inspections or a risk-based schedule: every 3 years for permitted gravity systems, annually for other types, and extra review every 9 years for higher-risk systems near water. Reporting points to a vote around November 2026, with enforcement phased in over 3 years after approval if adopted. This came from a secondary county webpage summary, not the Board of Health Code text itself, so treat the status and timeline as unconfirmed until the county's own code reflects it.

Critical Aquifer Recharge Areas

Development in a Critical Aquifer Recharge Area has to show compliance with King County Code 21A.24.316 (BOH 13.24.010.C, 13.28.020.A.2.h). One specific restriction: disinfection can't be used to meet required treatment levels for a system sitting in a critical aquifer recharge area (BOH 13.28.030.S.4).

Mandatory sewer connection inside the Urban Growth Area

If a property sits inside the Urban Growth Area and within 200 feet of a public sewer line, the OSS has to be abandoned and the property connected to sewer once the septic system needs repair, replacement, or has failed (BOH 13.04.050). A failing system on a UGA lot near sewer can trigger a mandatory sewer connection instead of a repair.

Minimum lot size depends on soil type, not just zoning

For new lots served by an OSS, King County Code 13.24, Table 13.24-1 sets minimum lot sizes tied to soil type: as small as 13,000 square feet for soil type 1 on public water, up to 5 acres for a private well on any soil type. Two lots the same zoned size can carry very different septic-eligible minimums depending on the soil report.

Owner-occupants can self-install and self-monitor gravity systems

BOH 13.20.040 lets an owner-occupant personally design and install a gravity system for their own single-family home, under the conditions the section sets out. That same owner can also personally monitor a gravity OSS, or the septic-tank component of an alternative system, instead of hiring a licensed maintainer for that piece — consistent with the "owner" column in the inspection table above.

Named county programs

King County names two OSS initiatives on its program page but publishes no detail on either: the Equitable Wastewater Futures Program, aimed at aging urban septic systems, and the Vashon-Maury Pollution Identification and Correction (PIC) Project. Both point toward the same underlying issue: an aging septic inventory concentrated in older urban areas and on Vashon-Maury Island.

Possible permitting delays, undated. King County's own OSS landing page mentions current permitting-review delays tied to a system transition, staffing changes, and high application volume. The note gives no timeline and no date, so it may no longer be current. Ask the department directly about current turnaround times before you plan a project around a specific date. No county page describes an outright OSS moratorium.

What the Fees Above Don't Cover: Pumping and Installation Cost

Everything in the fee tables above is what the county charges to review, permit, and inspect a system. It doesn't include what a contractor charges to actually pump, repair, or install one. For those numbers, statewide, see our Septic Pumping Cost in Washington and Septic Installation Cost in Washington guides, then add the King County permit line item that matches your project from the tables above.

The scale of the issue in King County specifically is large. A twelve-county Puget Sound study on aging on-site systems put King County's own repair-and-replacement burden for systems over 20 years old at $3.7 billion, roughly $104 million a year, on an assumed 3 percent annual failure rate. That study, and King County's own count of roughly 85,000 systems countywide with nearly 40,000 in urban areas, both trace back to Public Health – Seattle & King County data. (greeneeconomics.com — The high cost of failing septic systems across the Puget Sound region, accessed July 22, 2026)

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Primary Sources

  • King County — On-site sewage systems program
  • King County — Board of Health Code, Title 13, "On-Site Sewage" (PDF)
  • King County — OSS Permitting, Certifications, and Drinking Water Fees, effective January 1, 2026 (PDF)
  • King County — Sales and transfers
  • Greene Economics — The high cost of failing septic systems across the Puget Sound region

All sources accessed July 22, 2026. This page is general information about King County's septic permitting and inspection rules. It is not legal advice, and both fees and rules change over time. Confirm current requirements for your specific property with Public Health – Seattle & King County or a licensed professional.

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